=========================================================================== High-Energy Detections at z > 4 - Version: 2016 Feb 08 Niel Brandt (Dept. of Astronomy & Astrophysics, Penn State University; niel@astro.psu.edu) Cristian Vignali (Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita` di Bologna; cristian.vignali@unibo.it) =========================================================================== Source: http://www.astro.psu.edu/users/niel/papers/papers.html This list is associated with the following review papers: "X-rays from the first massive black holes", Brandt W.N., Vignali C., Lehmer B.D., Lopez L.A., Schneider D.P., Strateva I.V., 2004, in Merloni A., Nayakshin S., Sunyaev R., eds, Growing Black Holes: Accretion in a Cosmological Context. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p. 90-101 (astro-ph/0411355) "X-rays from the first massive black holes", Brandt W.N., Vignali C., Schneider D.P., Alexander D.M., Anderson S.F., Bauer F.E., Fan X., Garmire G.P., Kaspi S., Richards G.T., 2004, Advances in Space Research, 34, 2478-2485 (astro-ph/0212082) "Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of the highest redshift quasars: X-rays from the dawn of the modern Universe", Brandt W.N., Vignali C., Fan X., Kaspi S., Schneider D.P., 2002, in Boller Th., Komossa S., Kahn S., Kunieda H., Gallo L., eds, X-ray Spectroscopy of AGN with Chandra and XMM-Newton. MPE Press, Garching, p. 235-242 (astro-ph/0203511) We will update this list as further high-energy detections at z > 4 are made, so please check back in the future for the most up-to-date information. If you have any updates or corrections, please email them to us. We do our best to keep this list correct, but use it at your own risk. The selection methods below are the following: O = Optically selected X = X-ray selected R = Radio selected G = Gamma-ray selected ---------------------------------------------- Active Galaxies at z > 4 with X-ray Detections ---------------------------------------------- z RA 2000 DEC 2000 RA 2000 DEC 2000 Name First X-ray Detection Mission Sel. Method 7.08 11 20 01.48 +06 41 24.3 170.006167 6.690083 ULAS J1120+0641 Page et al. (2014, MNRAS, 440, L91) Chandra O 6.28 10 30 27.10 +05 24 55.0 157.612917 5.415278 SDSS 1030+0524 Brandt et al. (2002, ApJ, 569, L5) Chandra O 6.22 16 23 31.81 +31 12 00.5 245.882542 31.200139 SDSS 1623+3112 Shemmer et al. (2006, ApJ, 644, 86) Chandra O 6.20 10 48 45.05 +46 37 18.3 162.187708 46.621750 SDSS 1048+4637 Shemmer et al. (2006, ApJ, 644, 86) Chandra O 6.07 16 02 53.98 +42 28 24.9 240.724917 42.473583 SDSS 1602+4228 Shemmer et al. (2006, ApJ, 644, 86) Chandra O 6.05 16 30 33.90 +40 12 09.6 247.641250 40.202667 SDSS 1630+4012 Shemmer et al. (2006, ApJ, 644, 86) Chandra O 5.99 13 06 08.26 +03 56 26.3 196.534417 3.940639 SDSS 1306+0356 Brandt et al. (2002, ApJ, 569, L5) Chandra O 5.93 14 11 11.29 +12 17 37.4 212.797042 12.293722 SDSS 1411+1217 Shemmer et al. (2006, ApJ, 644, 86) Chandra O 5.9 13 35 50.81 +35 33 15.8 203.961708 35.554389 SDSS J133550.81+353315.8 Shemmer et al. (2009, ApJ, 696, 580) Chandra O 5.85 00 05 52.34 -00 06 55.8 1.468083 -0.115500 SDSS 0005-0006 Shemmer et al. (2006, ApJ, 644, 86) Chandra O 5.85 08 40 35.09 +56 24 19.9 130.146208 56.405528 SDSS 0840+5624 Shemmer et al. (2006, ApJ, 644, 86) Chandra O 5.82 08 36 43.85 +00 54 53.3 129.182708 0.914806 SDSS 0836+0054 Brandt et al. (2002, ApJ, 569, L5) Chandra O 5.80 00 02 39.39 +25 50 34.8 0.664125 25.843000 SDSS 0002+2550 Shemmer et al. (2006, ApJ, 644, 86) Chandra O 5.74 10 44 33.04 -01 25 02.2 161.137667 -1.417278 SDSS 1044-0125 Brandt et al. (2001, AJ, 121, 591) XMM-Newton O 5.41 02 31 37.6 -07 28 54.5 37.906667 -7.481806 SDSS 0231-0728 Vignali et al. (2003b, AJ, 125, 2876) Chandra O 5.40 10 34 14.33 +57 22 27 158.559708 57.374167 CLASXS J103414.33+572227 Steffen et al. (2004, AJ, 128, 1483) Chandra X 5.30 10 26 23.61 +25 42 59.5 156.598375 25.716528 SDSS J102623.61+254259.5 Wu et al. (2013, ApJ, 763, 109) Chandra O 5.30 10 00 51.5 +02 34 57 150.214583 2.582500 CXOC J100051.5+023457 Civano et al. (2011, ApJ, 741, 91) Chandra X 5.27 12 08 23.8 +00 10 27.7 182.099167 0.174361 SDSS 1208+0010 Vignali et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 2143) Chandra O 5.21 10 53 22.98 +58 04 12.1 163.345750 58.070028 SDSS 1053+5804 Schneider et al. (2005, AJ, 130, 367) Chandra O 5.19 12 36 47.9 +62 09 41 189.199583 62.161389 CXOHDFN J123647.9+620941 Barger et al. (2002, AJ, 124, 1839) Chandra X 5.19 07 41 54.71 +25 20 29.6 115.477958 25.341556 SDSS J074154.71+252029.6 Wu et al. (2013, ApJ, 763, 109) Chandra O 5.18 01 31 27.34 -03 21 00.1 22.863917 -3.350028 SDSS J013127.34-032100.1 Ghisellini et al. (2015, MNRAS, 450, L34) Swift O 5.14 22 28 45.14 -07 57 55.3 337.188125 -7.965361 SDSS 2228-0757 Schneider et al. (2005, AJ, 130, 367) Chandra O 5.11 09 13 16.6 +59 19 21.5 138.319167 59.322639 SDSS 0913+5919 Vignali et al. (2003b, AJ, 125, 2876) Chandra O 5.09 07 56 18.1 +41 04 08.6 119.075417 41.069056 SDSS 0756+4104 Vignali et al. (2003b, AJ, 125, 2876) Chandra O 5.07 09 59 08.1 +02 27 07 149.783750 2.451944 CXOC J095908.1+022707 Civano et al. (2011, ApJ, 741, 91) Chandra X 5.03 12 04 41.73 -00 21 49.6 181.173875 -0.363778 SDSS 1204-0021 Bechtold et al. (2003, ApJ, 588, 119) Chandra O 5.01 02 21 12.61 -03 42 52.20 35.30254 -3.71450 CFHTLS J022112.6-034252 I. McGreer XMM-Newton X 5.005 11 46 57.79 +40 37 08.6 176.740792 40.619056 SDSS J114657.79+403708.6 Ghisellini et al. (2014, MNRAS, 440, L111) Swift O 5.0 13 34 22.63 +47 50 33.6 203.594292 47.842667 SDSS J133422.63+475033.6 Shemmer et al. (2009, ApJ, 696, 580) Chandra O 4.99 22 16 44.0 +00 13 48.3 334.183333 0.230083 SDSS 2216+0013 Vignali et al. (2003b, AJ, 125, 2876) Chandra O 4.98 00 40 54.65 -09 15 26.8 10.227708 -9.257444 SDSS 0040-0915 Schneider et al. (2003, AJ, 126, 2579) XMM-Newton O 4.96 03 38 30.0 +00 18 39.9 54.625000 0.311083 RD657 Vignali et al. (2003b, AJ, 125, 2876) XMM-Newton O 4.96 00 11 15.23 +14 46 01.8 2.813500 14.767167 SDSS 0011+1446 Schneider et al. (2005, AJ, 130, 367) Chandra O 4.94 10 26 22.89 +47 19 07.0 156.595375 47.318611 SDSS 1026+4719 Schneider et al. (2005, AJ, 130, 367) Chandra O 4.93 15 36 50.26 +50 08 10.3 234.209417 50.136194 SDSS 1536+5008 Shemmer et al. (2006, ApJ, 644, 86) Chandra O 4.93 21 39 45.0 -23 46 55 324.937500 -23.781944 CXOMP J213945.0-234655 Silverman et al. (2002, ApJ, 569, L1) Chandra X 4.913 11 14 56.04 +40 38 13.92 168.7335 40.6372 CXOMP J111456.0+403813 Kalfountzou et al. (2014, MNRAS, 445, 1430) Chandra X 4.91 10 01 26.3 +02 04 24 150.359583 2.073333 CXOC J100126.3+020424 Civano et al. (2011, ApJ, 741, 91) Chandra X 4.91 10 51 23.04 +35 45 34.3 162.846000 35.759533 SDSS J105123.04+354534.3 Archival detection XMM-Newton O 4.90 12 49 42.2 +33 49 53.9 192.425833 33.831639 PC 1247+3406 Vignali et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 2143) Chandra O 4.9 14 21 03.83 +34 33 32.0 215.265958 34.558889 SDSS J142103.83+343332.0 Shemmer et al. (2009, ApJ, 696, 580) Chandra O 4.89 17 37 44.88 +58 28 29.62 264.437000 58.474894 SDSS J173744.88+582829.62 Green et al. (2009, ApJ, 690, 644) Chandra O 4.89 22 25 09.19 -00 14 06.8 336.288292 -0.235222 SDSS 2225-0014 Schneider et al. (2005, AJ, 130, 367) Chandra O 4.88 10 23 32.1 +63 35 08.1 155.883750 63.585583 SDSS 1023+6335 Vignali et al. (2003b, AJ, 125, 2876) Chandra O 4.87 02 11 02.7 -00 09 10.3 32.761250 -0.152861 SDSS 0211-0009 Vignali et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 2143) Chandra O 4.86 09 51 51.2 +59 45 56.2 147.963333 59.765611 SDSS 0951+5945 Vignali et al. (2003b, AJ, 125, 2876) Chandra O 4.83 07 56 52.07 +45 02 58.86 119.216958 45.049683 SDSS J075652.07+450258.86 Green et al. (2009, ApJ, 690, 644) Chandra O 4.82 09 41 08.4 +59 47 25.8 145.285000 59.790500 SDSS 0941+5947 Vignali et al. (2003b, AJ, 125, 2876) Chandra O 4.81 02 06 51.4 +12 16 24.4 31.714167 12.273444 SDSS 0206+1216 Vignali et al. (2003b, AJ, 125, 2876) Chandra O 4.80 07 56 52.1 +45 02 58.9 119.217083 45.049694 SDSS 0756+4502 Vignali et al. (2003b, AJ, 125, 2876) Chandra O 4.78 16 59 13.23 +21 01 15.8 254.805125 21.021056 SDSS J165913.23+210115.8 Wu et al. (2013, ApJ, 763, 109) Chandra O 4.77 02 10 43.2 -00 18 18.4 32.680000 -0.305111 SDSS 0210-0018 Vignali et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 2143) Chandra O 4.76 14 51 47.05 -15 12 19.9 222.946042 -15.205528 PMN J1451-1512 Lopez et al. (2006, AJ, 131, 1914) Chandra R 4.76 03 32 29.29 -27 56 19.4 53.122042 -27.938722 CXOCDFS J033229.2-275619 Fontanot et al. (2007, A&A, 461, 39) Chandra X 4.73 03 07 22.9 -49 45 47.8 46.845417 -49.763278 BRB 0305-4957 Vignali et al. (2003b, AJ, 125, 2876) Chandra O 4.72 14 30 23.78 +42 04 36.31 217.599083 42.076753 GB 1428+4217 Fabian et al. (1997, MNRAS, 291, L5) ROSAT R 4.7162 13 21 10.84 +00 38 21.78 200.295151 0.639383 CXOMP J132110.8+003821 Trichas et al. (2012, ApJS, 200, 17) Chandra X 4.71 14 27 05.86 +33 08 18.0 216.774417 33.138325 SDSS J142705.86+330817.9 Archival detection Chandra O 4.69 12 05 23.08 -07 42 32.10 181.346167 -7.708917 BR 1202-0725 Kaspi et al. (2000, AJ, 119, 2031) ROSAT O 4.67 12 35 03.03 -00 03 31.7 188.762625 -0.058806 SDSS J123503.03-000331.7 Wu et al. (2013, ApJ, 763, 109) XMM-Newton O 4.66 10 00 24.2 +02 25 10 150.100833 2.419444 CXOC J100024.2+022510 Civano et al. (2011, ApJ, 741, 91) Chandra X 4.63 03 24 44.28 -29 18 21.1 51.184500 -29.305861 PMN J0324-2918 Lopez et al. (2006, AJ, 131, 1914) Chandra R 4.63 03 33 07.22 -27 47 55.9 53.280083 -27.798861 CXOECDFS J033307.2-274755 Lehmer et al. (2005, ApJS, 161, 21) Chandra X 4.6136 13 00 01.91 +01 18 24.22 195.007965 1.306728 CXOMP J130001.9+011824 Trichas et al. (2012, ApJS, 200, 17) Chandra X 4.61 03 37 16.7 -05 01 53 54.319583 -5.031389 CXOCY J033716.7-050153 Treister et al. (2004, ApJ, 603, 36) Chandra X 4.55 02 18 44.45 -04 48 24.88 34.68521 -4.80691 SXDF J021844.4-044824 Hiroi et al. (2012, ApJ, 758, 49) XMM-Newton X 4.55 03 55 04.87 -38 11 42.3 58.770292 -38.195083 BR 0353-3820 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O 4.55 22 39 53.57 -05 52 20.01 339.973208 -5.872225 BR 2237-0607 Kaspi et al. (2000, AJ, 119, 2031) ROSAT O 4.53 01 34 21.5 +33 07 56.5 23.589583 33.132361 PSS 0134+3307 Vignali et al. (2003b, AJ, 125, 2876) Chandra O 4.52 00 22 07.97 -15 05 39.39 5.533208 -15.094275 BR 0019-1522 Kaspi et al. (2000, AJ, 119, 2031) ROSAT O 4.51 14 42 31.72 +01 10 55.2 220.632208 1.182028 SDSS 1442+0110 Schneider et al. (2005, AJ, 130, 367) Chandra O 4.51 13 47 43.3 +49 56 21.3 206.930417 49.939250 PSS 1347+4956 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) Chandra O 4.50 13 02 16.13 +00 30 32.1 195.567208 0.508917 SDSS 1302+0030 Shemmer et al. (2009, ApJ, 696, 580) Chandra O 4.50 15 07 30.63 +55 37 10.8 226.877625 55.619667 SDSS J150730.63+553710.8 Schneider et al. (2007, AJ, 134, 102) ROSAT O 4.49 10 36 23.8 -03 43 19.3 159.099167 -3.722028 BRI 1033-0327 Vignali et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 2143) Chandra O 4.48 07 41 15.54 +31 08 15.41 115.31473 31.137613 CXOMP J074115.5+310815 Trichas et al. (2012, ApJS, 200, 17) Chandra X 4.47 22 16 51.98 -67 14 43.4 334.216583 -67.245389 BR 2213-6729 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O 4.46 04 19 50.94 -57 16 13.1 64.962250 -57.270306 BR 0418-5723 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O 4.46 14 12 09.96 +06 24 06.9 213.041500 6.401917 SDSS J141209.96+062406.9 Wu et al. (2013, ApJ, 763, 109) Chandra O 4.45 10 52 25.9 +57 19 07 163.107917 57.318611 RX J1052+5719 Schneider et al. (1998, AJ, 115, 1230) ROSAT X 4.44 08 08 49.4 +52 15 15.4 122.205833 52.254278 PSS 0808+5215 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O 4.44 08 31 03.01 +52 35 33.5 127.762542 52.592639 SDSS 0831+5235 Schneider et al. (2003, AJ, 126, 2579) XMM-Newton O 4.44 01 06 19.2 +00 48 23.3 16.580000 0.806472 BRI 0103+0032 Bechtold et al. (2003, ApJ, 588, 119) Chandra O 4.43 07 47 49.7 +44 34 16.9 116.957083 44.571361 PSS 0747+4434 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O 4.42 02 48 54.3 +18 02 49.2 42.226250 18.047000 PSS 0248+1802 Vignali et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 2143) Chandra O 4.42 14 43 31.2 +27 24 37.0 220.880000 27.410278 PSS 1443+2724 Vignali et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 2143) Chandra O 4.42 12 36 42 +62 13 31 189.175000 62.225278 VLA J1236+6213 Brandt et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 1) Chandra R 4.40 13 25 12.52 +11 23 29.8 201.302167 11.391611 J132512+112329 Bassett et al. (2004, AJ, 128, 523) Chandra R 4.40 09 55 00.08 -01 30 06.94 148.750333 -1.501928 BRI 0952-0115 Kaspi et al. (2000, AJ, 119, 2031) ROSAT O 4.40 05 25 06.17 -33 43 05.34 81.275708 -33.718150 PMN J0525-3343 Fabian et al. (2001, MNRAS, 323, 373) ROSAT R 4.39 08 39 46.22 +51 12 02.8 129.942583 51.200778 SDSS 0839+5112 Bassett et al. (2004, AJ, 128, 523) Chandra R 4.38 16 03 20.9 +07 21 04 240.837083 7.351111 BR 1600+0724 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O 4.38 14 01 46.53 +02 44 34.7 210.443875 2.742972 SDSS 1401+0244 Schneider et al. (2003, AJ, 126, 2579) XMM-Newton O 4.36 03 34 13.45 -16 12 04.8 53.556042 -16.201333 BR 0331-1622 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O 4.36 23 57 18.3 +00 43 50 359.326250 0.730556 SDSS 2357+0043 Steffen et al. (2006, AJ, 131, 2826) Chandra O 4.3517 20 58 46.22 -42 45 03.52 314.692604 -42.750979 CXOMP J205846.2-424503 Trichas et al. (2012, ApJS, 200, 17) Chandra X 4.35 03 53 46.91 -10 25 19.07 58.445458 -10.421964 BR 0351-1034 Kaspi et al. (2000, AJ, 119, 2031) ROSAT O 4.34 09 55 11.3 +59 40 30.7 148.797083 59.675194 PSS 0955+5940 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) Chandra O 4.34 13 17 43.2 +35 31 32.0 199.430000 35.525556 PSS 1317+3531 Vignali et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 2143) Chandra O 4.34 09 53 55.67 -05 04 19.52 148.481958 -5.072089 BR 0951-0450 Kaspi et al. (2000, AJ, 119, 2031) ROSAT O 4.33 07 25 18.29 +37 05 17.9 111.326208 37.088306 FIRST 0725+3705 Bassett et al. (2004, AJ, 128, 523) Chandra R 4.33 10 58 58.4 +12 45 54.8 164.743333 12.765222 PSS 1058+1245 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O 4.33 00 50 06.3 -00 53 19 12.526250 -0.888611 SDSS 0050-0053 Steffen et al. (2006, AJ, 131, 2826) Chandra O 4.32 17 59 27.76 +66 38 53.69 269.865667 66.648247 RX J1759.4+6638 Henry et al. (1994, AJ, 107, 1270) ROSAT X 4.32 04 26 10.33 -22 02 17.6 66.543042 -22.038222 BR 0424-2209 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O 4.32 14 23 08.19 +22 41 57.5 215.784125 22.699306 FIRST 1423+2241 Bassett et al. (2004, AJ, 128, 523) Chandra R 4.31 02 34 55.14 -18 06 08.4 38.729750 -18.102333 PMN J0235-1805 Lopez et al. (2006, AJ, 131, 1914) Chandra R 4.30 11 55 03.1 -31 07 59 178.762917 -31.133056 PMN J1155-3107 Wu et al. (2013, ApJ, 763, 109) Swift R 4.30 15 10 02.92 +57 02 43.3 227.512167 57.045361 GB 1508+5714 Mathur & Elvis (1995, AJ, 110, 1551) Einstein R 4.28 10 28 37.7 -08 44 23.6 157.157083 -8.739889 RX J1028.6-0844 Zickgraf et al. (1997, A&A, 323, L21) ROSAT X 4.27 17 04 03.3 +51 47 56 256.013750 51.798889 CXOSEXSI 1704+5147 Eckart et al. (2006, ApJS, 165, 19) Chandra X 4.27 13 09 40.69 +57 33 10.0 197.419542 57.552778 FIRST 1309+5733 Bassett et al. (2004, AJ, 128, 523) Chandra R 4.26 14 43 40.7 +58 56 53.3 220.919583 58.948139 PSS 1443+5856 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) Chandra O 4.26 13 35 29.45 +41 01 25.9 203.872708 41.023861 SDSS J133529.45+410125.9 Schneider et al. (2007, AJ, 134, 102) Chandra O 4.25 09 58 56.69 +02 10 47.7 149.736208 2.179931 XMMC 095856.7+021047 Brusa et al. (2009, ApJ, 693, 8) XMM-Newton X 4.23 04 03 56.57 -17 03 22.1 60.985708 -17.056139 BRI 0401-1711 Bechtold et al. (2003, ApJ, 588, 119) Chandra O 4.20 09 57 44.5 +33 08 21.8 149.435417 33.139389 PSS 0957+3308 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) Chandra O 4.19 09 26 36.3 +30 55 04.8 141.651250 30.918000 PSS 0926+3055 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) Chandra O 4.19 09 18 24.38 +06 36 53.4 139.601583 6.614833 CLASS 0915+068 Bassett et al. (2004, AJ, 128, 523) Chandra R 4.19 14 53 00.6 +33 52 06 223.252500 33.868333 PC 1450+3404 Steffen et al. (2006, AJ, 131, 2826) Chandra O 4.18 00 59 22.7 +00 03 01.4 14.844583 0.050389 PSS 0059+0003 Bechtold et al. (2003, ApJ, 588, 119) Chandra O 4.18 12 53 04.0 -09 07 37 193.266667 -9.126944 CXOCY J125304.0-090737 Castander et al. (2003, AJ, 125, 1689) Chandra X 4.18 14 44 28.7 -01 23 44 221.119583 -1.395556 SDSS 1444-0123 Steffen et al. (2006, AJ, 131, 2826) Chandra O 4.174 02 20 21.99 -05 04 30.00 35.09164 -5.075 SXDF J022021.9-050430 Hiroi et al. (2012, ApJ, 758, 49) XMM-Newton X 4.17 13 26 11.86 +07 43 58.44 201.549423 7.732901 CXOMP J132611.8+074358 Trichas et al. (2012, ApJS, 200, 17) Chandra X 4.17 09 59 06.46 +02 26 39.5 149.776917 2.444306 XMMC 095906.4+022638 Brusa et al. (2009, ApJ, 693, 8) XMM-Newton X 4.16 10 00 25.7 +01 45 33 150.107083 1.759167 CXOC J100025.7+014533 Civano et al. (2011, ApJ, 741, 91) Chandra X 4.15 01 33 40.3 +04 00 59.9 23.417917 4.016639 PSS 0133+0400 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) Chandra O 4.14 02 09 44.6 +05 17 13.3 32.435833 5.287028 PSS 0209+0517 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) Chandra O 4.14 12 37 19.0 +62 10 25 189.329167 62.173611 CXOHDFN J123719.0+621025 Barger et al. (2002, AJ, 124, 1839) Chandra X 4.13 01 21 26.1 +03 47 07.3 20.358750 3.785361 PSS 0121+0347 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) Chandra O 4.12 15 06 54.55 +52 20 04.69 226.727292 52.334636 SDSS J150654.55+522004.69 Green et al. (2009, ApJ, 690, 644) Chandra O 4.12 23 22 07.2 +19 44 22.6 350.530000 19.739611 PSS 2322+1944 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O 4.11 07 47 11.16 +27 39 03.6 116.796500 27.651000 FIRST 0747+2739 Bassett et al. (2004, AJ, 128, 523) Chandra R 4.11 14 23 05.04 +24 05 07.8 215.771000 24.085500 SDSS J142305.04+240507.8 Schneider et al. (2007, AJ, 134, 102) Chandra O 4.11 19 51 36.0 +01 34 43 297.900000 1.578611 PMN J1951+0134 Wu et al. (2013, ApJ, 763, 109) Swift R 4.10 00 03 22.92 -26 03 18.79 0.845500 -26.055219 Q 0000-2619 Bechtold et al. (1994, AJ, 108, 374) ROSAT O 4.10 10 57 56.2 +45 55 52.6 164.484167 45.931278 PSS 1057+4555 Vignali et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 2143) Chandra O 4.10 14 23 05.04 +24 05 07.9 215.771000 24.085528 SDSS J142305.04+240507.9 Archival detection Chandra O 4.098 09 10 44.83 +17 44 31.20 137.6868 17.7420 CXOMP J091044.8+174431 Kalfountzou et al. (2014, MNRAS, 445, 1430) Chandra X 4.09 13 26 11.9 +07 43 58.2 201.549583 7.732833 PSS 1326+0743 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) Chandra O 4.08 14 13 15.3 +00 00 32 213.313750 0.008889 SDSS 1413+0000 Steffen et al. (2006, AJ, 131, 2826) Chandra O 4.06 02 44 01.9 -01 34 04.2 41.007917 -1.567833 BRI 0241-0146 Vignali et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 2143) Chandra O 4.05 10 56 55.1 -03 43 22 164.229583 -3.722778 CXOMP J105655.1-034322 Silverman et al. (2005, ApJ, 618, 123) Chandra X 4.04 16 46 56.4 +55 14 46.4 251.735000 55.246222 PSS 1646+5514 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O 4.04 09 14 39.3 +56 13 21 138.663750 56.222500 QSO 0910+564 Steffen et al. (2006, AJ, 131, 2826) Chandra O 4.02 14 20 48.01 +12 05 45.9 215.200042 12.096083 SDSS J142048.01+120545.9 Wu et al. (2013, ApJ, 763, 109) Chandra O 4.01 14 08 50.91 +02 05 22.7 212.212125 2.089639 SDSS 1408+0205 Shemmer et al. (2006, ApJ, 644, 86) Chandra O 4.01 17 15 21.28 +21 45 32.95 258.838667 21.759153 GB 1713+2148 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) ROSAT O 4.01 11 18 12.91 +44 11 22.3 169.553792 44.189536 SDSS J111812.91+441122.3 Archival detection XMM-Newton O 4.00 03 11 15.20 -17 22 47.2 47.813333 -17.379778 BRB 0308-1734 Vignali et al. (2003b, AJ, 125, 2876) Chandra O 4.00 01 22 01.91 +03 10 02.4 20.507958 3.167333 EGRET J0122+0310 Sowards-Emmerd et al. (2003, ApJ, 590, 109) CGRO G 3.99 02 14 29.29 -05 17 44.5 33.622042 -5.295694 PMN J0214-0518 Lopez et al. (2006, AJ, 131, 1914) Chandra R 3.99 22 15 27.3 -16 11 33.05 333.863750 -16.192514 BR 2212-1626 Bechtold et al. (2003, ApJ, 588, 119) Chandra O 3.98 16 39 50.52 +43 40 03.6 249.960500 43.667667 SDSS J163950.52+434003.6 Wu et al. (2013, ApJ, 763, 109) Chandra O 3.96 11 20 10.3 -13 46 25.7 170.042917 -13.773806 BR 1117-1329 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O Notes: Some of the redshifts above and below do not agree with those from http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~george/z4.qsos These are generally objects where we have obtained independent spectra and redshifts with the Hobby-Eberly Telescope. For details see Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) and Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519). Barger et al. (2000, AJ, 119, 2092) have disputed the z = 4.42 redshift of VLA J1236+6213 presented by Waddington et al. (1999, ApJ, 526, L77). The possible CGRO detection of EGRET J0122+0310 needs further checking, so be cautious of this possible detection. See the cited paper for details. Hook et al. (2002, A&A, 391, 509) have mentioned a possible ROSAT detection of PMN J2314+0201 at z = 4.11. We have investigated this possibility, and we are highly suspicious of it. There are a number of cases, particularly for putative "X-ray selected" objects, where authors have re-published objects (first selected at non-X-ray wavelengths) that already had published X-ray detections - sometimes without properly citing the previously published X-ray detections. For example, many of the objects in Trichas et al. (2012), including their claimed z = 5.41 X-ray selected quasar, suffer from this re-publication effect. Also, note the z = 5.86 object in LaMassa et al. (2013) is an optically selected quasar (Fan et al. 2004) with an X-ray detection already published in Shemmer et al. (2006), yet this was not given proper attribution in the LaMassa et al. paper. ------------------------------------------------------ Active Galaxies at z > 4 with Tight X-ray Upper Limits ------------------------------------------------------ The objects in the following list do not have X-ray detections. However, they do have quite sensitive X-ray upper limits (generally able to prove that alpha_ox < -1.5). Note that there are many additional objects with looser X-ray upper limits. z RA 2000 DEC 2000 RA 2000 DEC 2000 Name First Tight X-ray Upper Limit Mission Sel. Method 5.28 16 26 26.50 +27 51 32.4 246.610417 27.859000 SDSS 1626+2751 Shemmer et al. (2006, ApJ, 644, 86) Chandra O 5.00 03 38 29.3 +00 21 56.3 54.622083 0.365639 SDSS 0338+0021 Vignali et al. (2003b, AJ, 125, 2876) XMM-Newton O 4.96 16 53 54.62 +40 54 02.2 253.477583 40.900611 SDSS 1653+4054 Shemmer et al. (2006, ApJ, 644, 86) Chandra O 4.94 17 37 44.9 +58 28 29.5 264.437083 58.474861 SDSS 1737+5828 Vignali et al. (2003b, AJ, 125, 2876) Chandra O 4.92 16 05 01.2 -01 12 20.0 241.255000 -1.205556 SDSS 1605-0112 Vignali et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 2143) Chandra O 4.85 11 29 56.1 -01 42 12.4 172.483750 -1.703444 SDSS 1129-0142 Vignali et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 2143) Chandra O 4.74 14 33 52.21 +02 27 14.0 218.467542 2.453889 SDSS 1433+0227 Shemmer et al. (2006, ApJ, 644, 86) Chandra O 4.62 15 33 00.0 -00 39 44.1 233.250000 -0.662250 SDSS 1532-0039 Vignali et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 2143) Chandra O 4.51 11 40 08.6 +62 05 29.9 175.035833 62.091639 PSS 1140+6205 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) ROSAT O 4.38 14 01 46.53 +02 44 34.72 210.443875 2.742978 SDSS 1401+0244 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O 4.35 14 35 23.4 +30 57 22.3 218.847500 30.956194 PSS 1435+3057 Vignali et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 2143) Chandra O 4.25 22 38 22.5 -02 45 53.4 339.593750 -2.764833 BR 2235-0301 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O 4.24 23 44 03.2 +03 42 25.5 356.013333 3.707083 PSS 2344+0342 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O 4.18 15 06 54.5 +52 20 05.2 226.727083 52.334778 PSS 1506+5220 Vignali et al. (2005, AJ, 129, 2519) Chandra O 4.18 13 15 39.60 +29 24 39.8 198.915000 29.411056 PSS 1315+2924 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) ROSAT O 4.13 17 45 50.3 +68 46 20.3 266.459583 68.772306 PSS 1745+6846 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) ROSAT O 4.08 13 39 13.0 +51 54 03.0 204.804167 51.900833 PSS 1339+5154 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) ROSAT O 4.07 08 10 54.88 +46 03 57.9 122.728667 46.066083 SDSS 0810+4603 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) ROSAT O 4.06 01 27 00.69 -00 45 59.1 21.752875 -0.766417 SDSS 0127-0045 Vignali et al. (2003a, AJ, 125, 418) ROSAT O ----------------------------------------------- Gamma-ray Bursts at z > 4 with X-ray Detections ----------------------------------------------- z Name First X-ray Detection Mission Sel. Method 9.4 GRB090429b Cucchiara et al. (2011, ApJ, 736, 7) Swift G / X 8.26 GRB090423 Tanvir et al. (2009, Nat, 461, 1254) Swift G / X 6.69 GRB080913 Greiner et al. (2009, ApJ, 693, 1610) Swift G / X 6.29 GRB050904 Watson et al. (2006, ApJ, 637, L69) + Cusumano et al. (2006, Nat, 440, 164) Swift G / X 5.47 GRB060927 Ruiz-Velasco et al. (2007, ApJ, 669, 1) Swift G / X 5.3 GRB050814 Jakobsson et al. (2006, A&A, 447, 897) Swift G / X 5.11 GRB060522 Cenko et al. (2006, GCN, 5155, 1) Swift G / X 4.9 GRB060510b Price et al. (2007, ApJ, 663, L57) Swift G / X 4.50 GRB000131 Andersen et al. (2000, A&A, 364, L54) CGRO G 4.41 GRB060223 Berger et al. (2006, GCN, 4815, 1) Swift G / X 4.27 GRB050505 Berger et al. (2006, ApJ, 642, 979) Swift G / X 4.045 GRB060206 Stanek et al. (2007, ApJ, 654, L21) Swift G / X 3.97 GRB050730 Starling et al. (2005, A&A, 442, L21) Swift G / X 3.91 GRB060210 Stanek et al. (2007, ApJ, 654, L21) Swift G / X Notes: This list of GRBs likely has significant incompleteness. See Xiao & Schaefer (2011, ApJ, 731, 103) for a recent redshift catalog. The redshift of GRB 090429B has been determined based on SED modeling. To our knowledge, there is not a spectroscopic confirmation of this redshift. The redshift of GRB050814 has been determined based on SED modeling. To our knowledge, there is not a spectroscopic confirmation of this redshift.